{"id":2860,"date":"2014-12-29T21:19:31","date_gmt":"2014-12-29T13:19:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.tinymachining.com\/cliffords-tower\/"},"modified":"2014-12-29T21:21:55","modified_gmt":"2014-12-29T13:21:55","slug":"cliffords-tower","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tinymachining.com\/blog\/cliffords-tower\/","title":{"rendered":"Clifford&#8217;s Tower"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Verify out these cylindrical grinding images:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Clifford&#8217;s Tower<\/strong><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tinymachining.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/2553812390_4af4ea966a.jpg\" width=\"400\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Image by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/9147703@N03\/2553812390\">vgm8383<\/a><\/i><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/bighugelabs.com\/flickr\/onblack.php?id=2553812390&amp;ampsize=large\">View On Black<\/a><\/p>\n<p><i><b>&amp;quotOn the night of Friday 16 March 1190 some 150 Jewish folks of York, getting sought protection in the Royal Castle on this website from a mob incited by Richard Malebisse and other people, chose to die at every other&#8217;s hands rather than renounce their faith.&amp;quot<\/b><\/i><\/p>\n<p>York Castle is a fortification in the city of York, England. The principal remains of the 13th-14th century castle are the preserve, which is identified as Clifford&#8217;s Tower, and some of the curtain wall. From its start off in 1068 via the English Civil War, the castle had a particularly noteworthy history.<\/p>\n<p> the wooden tower of York Castle was the last refuge of the 150 Jewish residents in York. Richard de Malbis (Richard Malebisse) was a debtor of Aaron of Lincoln, an influential Jewish banker of the late 12th century. When a fire broke out in the city of York, de Malbis used the opportunity to incite a mob to attack the property of a lately deceased agent of Aaron of Lincoln named Benedict of York, killing his widow and young children and burning the property. Joce (Joseph), the leader of the Jewish community of York, obtained the permission of the warden of York Castle to remove his wife and youngsters and the rest of the Jews into the castle, where they possibly took refuge in a tower that stood where Clifford&#8217;s Tower now stands. The mob surrounded the castle, and when the warden left the castle the Jews, fearing the entry of the mob, would not readmit him. The warden appealed to the sheriff, who named out the county militia. The militia lay siege to the tower for a number of days till on 16 March 1190 the tower caught fire. Numerous Jews either perished in the flames or took their own lives rather give themselves up to the mob these who did surrender have been killed. In all around 150 Jews died. A plaque on the hill on which the tower stands reads:<\/p>\n<p><i>\u201c On the night of Friday 16 March 1190 some 150 Jewish folks of York, getting sought protection in the Royal Castle on this website from a mob incited by Richard Malebisse and other people, chose to die at each and every other&#8217;s hands rather than renounce their faith.&amp;quot<\/i><\/p>\n<p>The castle of 1068 was initially developed as a motte and bailey fortification. The main campaign of operate from 1245 to the 1270s resulted in the crescent shaped bailey region getting enclosed by a higher stone wall with routinely spaced cylindrical towers. There was a gate on the town side, adjacent to the motte. Yet another gate on the opposite side of the bailey, the foundations of which one can nonetheless see, gave access to the open nation south of the castle. Historians believe the bailey incorporated two halls, a chapel, a kitchen and a prison.<\/p>\n<p>Clifford&#8217;s Tower is a keep of uncommon design and style. The structure is a quatrefoil plan, significantly like a four-leafed clover, and consisted of two stories. A central stone pillar, of which traces stay, supported the first floor. A square turret on the south side in between two of the lobes protected the entrance. There are defensive turrets among the other lobes. The tower is believed to be an experiment in improving flanking fire by minimizing dead ground visible from the summit of the hold. Historians suspect that the builders of Clifford&#8217;s Tower primarily based it on a French model, as one can uncover a almost identical instance to York at \u00c9tampes, France. Really few examples of this multilobed variety of castle tower exist 1 local example is the maintain of Pontefract Castle (now badly broken).<\/p>\n<p>For the construction, King Henry III employed master mason Henry de Rayns, who organized the perform, and chief carpenter Simon of Northampton, each of whom had had significant roles in the constructing of Windsor Castle. (Interestingly, Master Henry had worked at Paris, which is close to Etampes Castle.)<\/p>\n<p>Courtesy of Wikipedia<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u201c\u99ac\u978d\u5c71\u904b\u52d5\u5834 Ma On Shan Sports Ground\u201d \/ \u9999\u6e2f\u9ad4\u80b2\u5efa\u7bc9\u5168\u666f\u4e4b\u5f62 Hong Kong Sports Architecture Panoramic Types \/ SML.20130326.7D.36333-SML.20130326.7D.36359-Pano.Cylindrical-360&#215;78<\/strong><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tinymachining.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/8636788249_e1dfca157d.jpg\" width=\"400\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Image by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/48973657@N00\/8636788249\">See-ming Lee \u674e\u601d\u660e SML<\/a><\/i><br \/>\nI was wrong\u2014it seems that you do still need to have a pano head even with modern technology.<\/p>\n<p>Previously I produced the opinion that modern computer software need to be in a position to stitch these pictures shot using standard pan heads [1] and that the pano head is largely a luxury things. But when I in fact worked on the image it appears that I was very incorrect about it.<\/p>\n<p>As you see here the seams a hugely problematic at the close to end of the lens. The far end is always going got be ok, but he close to finish poses challenge for Hugin it would seem.<\/p>\n<p>SML Apologies\u2014but I by no means mentioned that I am constantly proper. <\/p>\n<p>This 360-degree pano is stitched using 24 complete-resoltion 7D RAW files. Trust that when I get a pano head I will revisit this.<\/p>\n<p># SML Information<br \/>\n+ Date: 2013-03-26T13:21:50+0800<br \/>\n+ Dimensions: 17742 x 3342<br \/>\n+ Exposure: 1\/60 &#8211; 1\/80 sec at f\/8.<br \/>\n+ Focal Length: 17 mm<br \/>\n+ ISO: one hundred<br \/>\n+ Flash: Did not fire<br \/>\n+ Camera: Canon EOS 7D<br \/>\n+ Lens: Canon EF 17-40 f\/4L USM<br \/>\n+ Accessories: Canon TC-80N3, Manfrotto tripod<br \/>\n+ Panorama FOV: 360 degree horizontal, 78 degree vertical<br \/>\n+ Panoramic Projection: Rectilinear<br \/>\n+ GPS: 22\u00b025&#8217;17&amp;quot N 114\u00b013&#8217;42&amp;quot E<br \/>\n+ Altitude: 11.1 m<br \/>\n+ Location: \u4e2d\u570b\u9999\u6e2f\u99ac\u978d\u5c71\u6046\u5eb7\u88571\u865f\u99ac\u978d\u5c71\u904b\u52d5\u5834 \u4e2d\u56fd\u9999\u6e2f\u9a6c\u978d\u5c71\u6052\u5eb7\u88571\u53f7\u9a6c\u978d\u5c71\u8fd0\u52a8\u573a Ma On Shan Sports Ground, 1 Hang Hong Road, Ma On Shan, Hong Kong, China<br \/>\n+ Workflow: Hugin 2012, Lightroom four<br \/>\n+ Serial: SML.20130326.7D.36333-SML.20130326.7D.36359-Pano.Cylindrical-360&#215;78<br \/>\n+ Series: \u9ad4\u80b2 Sports, \u5efa\u7bc9 Architecture, \u5f62 Types, \u5168\u666f\u651d\u5f71 Panoramic Photography <\/p>\n<p># Notes<br \/>\n1. \u201cPanorama Setup: Canon EOS 7D + Canon EF 17-40 f\/4L USM + Canon TC-80N3 + Manfrotto tripod\u201d \/ 20130326.IPH5.11158: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/seeminglee\/8591178305\/\">www.flickr.com\/photographs\/seeminglee\/8591178305\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p># Media Licensing<br \/>\nInventive Commons (CCBY) See-ming Lee \u674e\u601d\u660e \/ SML Photography \/ SML Universe Restricted<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u99ac\u978d\u5c71\u904b\u52d5\u5834 Ma On Shan Sports Ground\u201d \/ \u9999\u6e2f\u9ad4\u80b2\u5efa\u7bc9\u5168\u666f\u4e4b\u5f62 Hong Kong Sports Architecture Panoramic Types \/ SML.20130326.7D.36333-SML.20130326.7D.36359-Pano.Cylindrical-360&#215;78<br \/>\n\/ #\u9ad4\u80b2 #Sports #\u5efa\u7bc9 #\u5efa\u7b51 #Architecture #\u5f62 #Forms #SMLForms #\u5168\u666f #Pano #SMLPano #CreativeCommons #CCBY #SMLPhotography #SMLUniverse #SMLProjects #SMLApologies<br \/>\n\/ #\u4e2d\u570b #\u4e2d\u56fd #China #\u9999\u6e2f #HongKong #\u651d\u5f71 #\u6444\u5f71 #photography #\u57ce\u5e02 #Urban<\/p>\n<p><strong>Xerxes tomb at Naqsh-e Rostam: upper register<\/strong><br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tinymachining.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/12\/4614878357_b92e172741.jpg\" width=\"400\" \/><br \/>\n<i>Image by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/25182210@N07\/4614878357\">dynamosquito<\/a><\/i><br \/>\n<b>En:<\/b> Rock Tomb attributed to Xerxes Ist in the royal Achaemenid necropolis of Naqsh-e Rostam, vicinity of Marvdshat, Fars province, Iran, April 2008. <\/p>\n<p>Naqsh-e Rostam, a listed World Heritage Internet site by the UNESCO, has always been a sacred and symbolic spot for the ancient civilizations of the Iranian plateau. Apart from the remnants of a rock relief of the Elamite period (2nd millennium BCE), and other reliefs dating from the Persian Sassanid era (3rd to 7th century CE) plus a fire altar from the identical period, it consists of several elements from the first Persian empire, the Achaemenid Empire. Such elements are a Zoroastrian temple (Kaaba ye Zartosht) and 4 royal rock cut tombs all created on an identical plan. Such style reflects an official royal art whose canons have been set by Darius the Fantastic. Breaking with the tradition of the 1st Achaemenid kings that saw at least Cyrus the Great buried in a mausoleum in Pasargadae, Darius, who had already built Persepolis at the foot of the neighbor Kuh-e Rahmat mountain, ordered his grave to be cut in the rock of a nearby cliff. Darius is the only king whose grave is attributed with certainty, simply because of a long inscription in 3 languages. The three other tombs are those of the successors of Darius whose reigns have been substantial: Xerxes I, Darius II (Codomanus), and Artaxerxes I (Makrocheir or &amp;quotlong hand&amp;quot). <\/p>\n<p>The program of each and every tomb is invariant: the cross-shaped tombs are divided into 3 registers. The reduce register is flat and smooth,with no element carved or engraved. The midrange register is remarkable because it offers an accurate image of the Achaemenid royal palaces as they had been at Persepolis and Susa. A huge portico surrounds a door whose style is clearly Egyptian ( getting decorated by grooves), which leads to the actual tomb, carved in the depth of the cliff. The roof of the portico lay on the top of high thin cylindrical columns, nearly identical to these of a Ionian style at the palaces. Some differences are certainly observed indicating a desire for simplification: lack of stylized palm trees at the upper parts, and lack of grooves characterizing this Greek style. At the best every single column is an animal-type capital, in this case, two divergent bulls amongst each lay the primary beams. The tertiary and secondary beams are upper, perpendiculars, forming the roof. The upper register shows a scene which is emblematic of how royalty desires to be noticed. The monarch is represented in an attitude comparable to that of Darius in his founding relief at Behistun: a hand raised up and the other holding a bow whose downer finish is placed on the ground. Ahead of him is a fire altar, above him is the god Ahuramazda. A moon disk is visible at the best correct of the stage. Altar and king lay on a platform resting on horned lions shaped pillars. The platform is supported by a lot of men and women whose ethnic characters and clothing clearly recognize the nations subjected to the empire, a recurrent theme of this art. On both sides of the register, immortal guards, heralds, or Persian nobles are represented. The significance of the relief is quite clear: the king of kings is at the prime of the imperial hierarchy, by the will of Ahuramazda, which is the only entity superior to the king. The king of kings requires his energy and legitimacy by the strength of his army but also by the help of nations and peoples of the empire, such evidence is imposed by itself to all, even to the nobles.<\/p>\n<p><b>Fr:<\/b> Tombe rupestre attribu\u00e9e \u00e0 Xerx\u00e8s Ier dans la n\u00e9cropole royale ach\u00e9m\u00e9nide de Naqsh-e Rostam, alentours de Marvdshat, province de Fars, Iran, Avril 2008.<br \/>\nLe internet site de Naqsh-e Rostam class\u00e9 patrimoine mondial par l\u2019Unesco a toujours rev\u00eatu un caract\u00e8re sacr\u00e9 et embl\u00e9matique pour les civilisations antiques du plateau iranien. En effet, outre les traces d\u2019un relief rupestre d\u2019\u00e9poque Elamite (2\u00e8me mill\u00e9naire BCE) et d\u2019autres reliefs datant de l\u2019\u00e8re Perse Sassanide (3\u00e8me au 7\u00e8me si\u00e8cle CE) auquel s\u2019ajoute un autel du feu de la m\u00eame p\u00e9riode, il abrite plusieurs \u00e9l\u00e9ments datant du premier empire Perse, l\u2019empire Ach\u00e9m\u00e9nide. Il s\u2019agit d\u2019un temple zoroastrien Ach\u00e9m\u00e9nide (Kaaba ye Zartosht) et de four tombes royales rupestres toutes r\u00e9alis\u00e9es selon un strategy identique, dont le style t\u00e9moigne d\u2019un art royal officiel dont les canons ont \u00e9t\u00e9 fix\u00e9s par Darius le Grand. Rompant avec la tradition des rois ach\u00e9m\u00e9nides pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents qui a vu au moins Cyrus le Grand \u00eatre enterr\u00e9 dans un mausol\u00e9e \u00e0 Pasargades, Darius, qui avait d\u00e9j\u00e0 fait construire Pers\u00e9polis au pied de la montagne voisine du Kuh-e Rahmat, fait ainsi sculpter sa tombe dans le roc d\u2019une falaise voisine. Il est \u00e9galement le seul dont la tombe est attribu\u00e9e avec certitude, du fait d\u2019une longue inscription trilingue. Les three autres tombes seraient celles des successeurs de Darius dont les r\u00e8gnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 significatifs: Xerx\u00e8s Ier, Darius II (Codoman), et Artaxerx\u00e8s Ier (Makrocheir ou \u00ab longue principal \u00bb).<br \/>\nLe strategy de chaque tombe est invariant, cruciforme, divis\u00e9 en 3 registres. Le registre inf\u00e9rieur est strategy et lisse, ne comportant aucun \u00e9l\u00e9ment sculpt\u00e9 ni grav\u00e9. Le registre moyen est remarquable car il fournit un aper\u00e7u pr\u00e9cis de l\u2019architecture des palais royaux ach\u00e9m\u00e9nides tels qu\u2019ils \u00e9taient \u00e0 Pers\u00e9polis et Suse : Un grand portique entoure une porte dont le style est clairement \u00e9gyptien, orn\u00e9 par des cannelures, qui m\u00e8ne \u00e0 la tombe proprement dite, taill\u00e9e dans la profondeur de la falaise. Port\u00e9 par des colonnes cylindriques fines et hautes, presque identiques \u00e0 celles, ioniennes, des palais. Quelques diff\u00e9rences sont en effet observ\u00e9es t\u00e9moignant d\u2019une volont\u00e9 de simplification : absence de palmiers stylis\u00e9s aux parties sup\u00e9rieures, et absence des fameuses cannelures propres \u00e0 ce style grec. Chaque colonne porte un chapiteau \u00e0 protom\u00e9 animal, en l\u2019occurrence, 2 taureaux divergents forment une mortaise dans laquelle s\u2019ins\u00e8re des poutres principales. Des poutres secondaires perpendiculaires puis tertiaires constituent ensuite le toit. Le registre sup\u00e9rieur montre une sc\u00e8ne embl\u00e9matique de la royaut\u00e9 telle qu\u2019elle veut se montrer : le monarque est repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 dans une attitude similaire \u00e0 celle de Darius sur le relief fondateur de Behistun : une primary tendue vers le haut et l\u2019autre tenant un arc dont un bout est pos\u00e9 au sol. Devant lui se trouve un autel du feu, au dessus de lui se trouve le dieu Ahuramazda. Un disque lunaire est visible \u00e0 la partie sup\u00e9rieure droite de la sc\u00e8ne. Autel et souverain sont situ\u00e9s sur une estrade reposant aux angles sur des piliers repr\u00e9sentant des lions cornus. L\u2019estrade est port\u00e9e par de nombreux sujets dont les caract\u00e9ristiques ethniques et vestimentaires identifient clairement les nations assujetties \u00e0 l\u2019empire, th\u00e8me r\u00e9curent de cet art. De component et d\u2019autre du registre, gardes immortels, h\u00e9raults ou nobles perses sont repr\u00e9sent\u00e9s. La signification du relief est claire : le roi des rois est au sommet de la hi\u00e9rarchie imp\u00e9riale, il est souverain par la volont\u00e9 d\u2019Ahuramazda qui seul, lui est sup\u00e9rieur, son pouvoir et sa l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9 s\u2019imposent \u00e0 tous, y compris aux nobles par la force de son arm\u00e9e mais aussi par le assistance des nations et peuples de l\u2019empire.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Verify out these cylindrical grinding images: Clifford&#8217;s Tower Image by vgm8383 View On Black &amp;quotOn the night of Friday 16 March 1190 some 150 Jewish folks of York, getting sought protection in the Royal Castle on this website from a mob incited by Richard Malebisse and other people, chose to die at every other&#8217;s hands [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2861,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[2],"tags":[2848,2849],"class_list":["post-2860","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-machining","tag-cliffords","tag-tower"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Clifford&#039;s Tower<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Clifford&#039;s Tower posted by a Precision machining China company and Chinese CNC machined parts 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