\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/farm2.staticflickr.com\/1376\/4602805654_db8b6569fb.jpg\")
\nImage by Chris Devers<\/a><\/i>
\nInterestingly, both of the Boston area Banksy pieces<\/a> are on Essex St:<\/p>\n
\u2022 F\u0336O\u0336L\u0336L\u0336O\u0336W\u0336 \u0336Y\u0336O\u0336U\u0336R\u0336 \u0336D\u0336R\u0336E\u0336A\u0336M\u0336S\u0336 CANCELLED<\/a> (aka chimney sweep<\/a>) in Chinatown, Boston<\/a> Does that mean anything? It looks like he favors Essex named streets & roads when he can. In 2008, he did another notable Essex work in London<\/a>, for example, and posters on the Banksy Forums<\/a> picked up & discussed on the Essex link as well. <\/p>\n Is there an Essex Street in any of the other nearby towns? It looks like there are several<\/a>: Brookline<\/a>, Charlestown<\/a>, Chelsea<\/a>, Gloucester<\/a>, Haverhill<\/a>, Lawrence<\/a>, Lynn<\/a>, Medford<\/a>, Melrose<\/a>, Quincy<\/a>, Revere<\/a>, Salem<\/a>, Saugus<\/a>, Somerville<\/a>, Swampscott<\/a>, and Waltham<\/a>. Most of these seem improbable to me, other than maybe Brookline, or maybe<\/i> Somerville or Charlestown. But they start getting pretty suburban after that.<\/p>\n But, again, why "Essex"? In a comment<\/a> on this photo<\/a>, Birbeck<\/a> helps clarify:<\/p>\n I can only surmise that he’s having a ‘dig’ at Essex UK, especially with the misspelling of ‘Loitering’. Here, the general view of the urban districts in Essex: working class but with right wing views; that they’re not the most intellectual bunch; rather obsessed with fashion (well, their idea of it); their place of worship is the shopping mall; enjoy rowdy nights out; girls are thought of as being dumb, fake blonde hair\/tans and promiscuous; and guys are good at the ‘chit chat’, and swagger around showing off their dosh (money).<\/p>\n It was also the region that once had Europe’s largest Ford motor factory. In its heyday, 1 in 3 British cars were made in Dagenham, Essex. Pay was good for such unskilled labour, generations worked mind-numbing routines on assembly lines for 80 years. In 2002 the recession ended the dream. <\/i><\/p>\n \u2022 \u2022 \u2022 \u2022 \u2022<\/p>\n \u2022 Meredith Goldsten<\/a> of the Boston Globe<\/a> wrote to me on Facebook and asked for permission to run one of my Banksy photos in the newspaper, which I granted. Supposedly, this photo<\/a> or one of the others<\/a> I took appeared in the Globe on 15 May 2010, but I haven’t been able to find it. The online version of that day’s article, titled Tag \u2014 we\u2019re it: Banksy, the controversial and elusive street artist, left his mark here. Or did he?<\/a> uses a photo taken by "Essdras M. Suarez \/ Globe Staff". If I can find a copy of that day’s paper and verify that one of my Banksy photos was in there, I’ll scan the page & post a copy here \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n \u2022 This photo appeared on Grafitti – A arte das ruas<\/a> on Yahoo Meme. Yes, Yahoo has a Tumblr\/Posterous-esque "Meme" service now — I was as surprised as you are.<\/p>\n \u2022 This photo also appeared on Love Your Chaos<\/a> on Tumblr, among other blogs. Thanks!<\/p>\n \u2022 \u2022 \u2022 \u2022 \u2022<\/p>\n Banksy<\/b><\/em><\/a> Banksy<\/b> \u2022 Born<\/b> \u2022 Nationality<\/b> \u2022 Field<\/b> \u2022 Movement<\/b> \u2022 Works<\/b> Banksy<\/b> is a pseudonymous<\/a>[2]<\/a>[3]<\/a>[4]<\/a> British<\/a> graffiti artist<\/a>. He is believed to be a native of Yate<\/a>, South Gloucestershire<\/a>, near Bristol<\/a>[2]<\/a> and to have been born in 1974,[5]<\/a> but his identity is unknown.[6]<\/a> According to Tristan Manco<\/a>[who?<\/a><\/i>], Banksy "was born in 1974 and raised in Bristol, England. The son of a photocopier technician, he trained as a butcher but became involved in graffiti during the great Bristol aerosol boom of the late 1980s."[7]<\/a> His artworks are often satirical<\/a> pieces of art on topics such as politics, culture, and ethics. His street art<\/a>, which combines graffiti writing with a distinctive stencilling<\/a> technique, is similar to Blek le Rat<\/a>, who began to work with stencils in 1981 in Paris and members of the anarcho-punk<\/a> band Crass<\/a> who maintained a graffiti stencil campaign on the London Tube System in the late 1970s and early 1980s. His art has appeared in cities around the world.[8]<\/a> Banksy’s work was born out of the Bristol underground scene<\/a> which involved collaborations between artists and musicians.<\/p>\n Banksy does not sell photos of street graffiti.[9]<\/a> Art auctioneers have been known to attempt to sell his street art on location and leave the problem of its removal in the hands of the winning bidder.[10]<\/a><\/p>\n Banksy’s first film, Exit Through The Gift Shop<\/a><\/i>, billed as "the world’s first street art disaster movie", made its debut at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival<\/a>.[11]<\/a> The film was released in the UK on March 5<\/a>.[12]<\/a><\/p>\n Contents<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n \u2022 1 Career<\/a> Career<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n Banksy started as a freehand graffiti artist 1992\u20131994[14]<\/a> as one of Bristol’s DryBreadZ Crew (DBZ), with Kato and Tes.[15]<\/a> He was inspired by local artists and his work was part of the larger Bristol underground scene<\/a>. From the start he used stencils as elements of his freehand pieces, too.[14]<\/a> By 2000 he had turned to the art of stencilling after realising how much less time it took to complete a piece. He claims he changed to stencilling whilst he was hiding from the police under a train carriage, when he noticed the stencilled serial number[16]<\/a> and by employing this technique, he soon became more widely noticed for his art around Bristol and London.[16]<\/a><\/p>\n Stencil on the waterline of The Thekla<\/a>, an entertainment boat in central Bristol<\/a> – (wider view<\/a>). The image of Death is based on a 19th century etching illustrating the pestilence<\/a> of The Great Stink<\/a>.[17]<\/a><\/p>\n Banksy’s stencils feature striking and humorous images occasionally combined with slogans. The message is usually anti-war, anti-capitalist or anti-establishment. Subjects often include rats, monkeys, policemen, soldiers, children, and the elderly.<\/p>\n In late 2001, on a trip to Sydney<\/a> and Melbourne<\/a>, Australia<\/a>, he met up with the Gen-X pastellist, visual activist, and recluse James DeWeaver in Byron Bay<\/a>[clarification needed<\/a><\/i>], where he stencilled a parachuting rat with a clothes peg on its nose above a toilet at the Arts Factory Lodge. This stencil can no longer be located. He also makes stickers (the Neighbourhood Watch subvert) and sculpture (the murdered phone-box), and was responsible for the cover art of Blur’s<\/a> 2003 album Think Tank<\/a><\/i>.<\/p>\n 2000<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n The album cover for Monk & Canatella<\/a>‘s Do Community Service<\/i> was conceived and illustrated by Banksy, based on his contribution to the "Walls on fire" event in Bristol 1998.[18]<\/a>[citation needed<\/a><\/i>]<\/p>\n 2002<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n On 19 July 2002, Banksy’s first Los Angeles exhibition debuted at 33 1\/3 Gallery, a small Silverlake venue owned by Frank Sosa. The exhibition, entitled Existencilism<\/i>, was curated by 33 1\/3 Gallery, Malathion, Funk Lazy Promotions, and B+.[19]<\/a><\/p>\n 2003<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n In 2003 in an exhibition called Turf War<\/i>, held in a warehouse, Banksy painted on animals. Although the RSPCA<\/a> declared the conditions suitable, an animal rights activist chained herself to the railings in protest.[20]<\/a> He later moved on to producing subverted<\/a> paintings; one example is Monet<\/a>‘s Water Lily Pond<\/i>, adapted to include urban detritus such as litter and a shopping trolley<\/a> floating in its reflective waters; another is Edward Hopper<\/a>‘s Nighthawks<\/a><\/i>, redrawn to show that the characters are looking at a British football hooligan, dressed only in his Union Flag<\/a> underpants, who has just thrown an object through the glass window of the cafe. These oil paintings were shown at a twelve-day exhibition in Westbourne Grove, London in 2005.[21]<\/a><\/p>\n 2004<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n In August 2004, Banksy produced a quantity of spoof British \u00a310 notes substituting the picture of the Queen’s<\/a> head with Princess Diana<\/a>‘s head and changing the text "Bank of England" to "Banksy of England." Someone threw a large wad of these into a crowd at Notting Hill Carnival that year, which some recipients then tried to spend in local shops. These notes were also given with invitations to a Santa’s Ghetto exhibition by Pictures on Walls. The individual notes have since been selling on eBay<\/a> for about \u00a3200 each. A wad of the notes were also thrown over a fence and into the crowd near the NME signing tent at The Reading Festival. A limited run of 50 signed posters containing ten uncut notes were also produced and sold by Pictures on Walls for \u00a3100 each to commemorate the death of Princess Diana. One of these sold in October 2007 at Bonhams<\/a> auction house in London for \u00a324,000.<\/p>\n 2005<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n In August 2005, Banksy, on a trip to the Palestinian territories, created nine images on Israel’s highly controversial West Bank barrier. He reportedly said "The Israeli government is building a wall surrounding the occupied Palestinian territories. It stands three times the height of the Berlin Wall and will eventually run for over 700km\u2014the distance from London to Zurich. "[22]<\/a><\/p>\n 2006<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n \u2022 Banksy held an exhibition called Barely Legal<\/i>, billed as a "three day vandalised warehouse extravaganza" in Los Angeles<\/a>, on the weekend of 16 September. The exhibition featured a live "elephant in a room<\/a>", painted in a pink and gold floral wallpaper pattern.[23]<\/a> 2007<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n \u2022 On 21 February 2007, Sotheby’s auction house in London<\/a> auctioned three works, reaching the highest ever price for a Banksy work at auction: over \u00a3102,000 for his Bombing Middle England<\/i>. Two of his other graffiti works, Balloon Girl<\/i> and Bomb Hugger<\/i>, sold for \u00a337,200 and \u00a331,200 respectively, which were well above their estimated prices.[27]<\/a> The following day’s auction saw a further three Banksy works reach soaring prices: Ballerina With Action Man Parts<\/i> reached \u00a396,000; Glory<\/i> sold for \u00a372,000; Untitled (2004)<\/i> sold for \u00a333,600; all significantly above estimated values.[28]<\/a> To coincide with the second day of auctions, Banksy updated his website with a new image of an auction house scene showing people bidding on a picture that said, "I Can’t Believe You Morons Actually Buy This Shit."[6]<\/a> The last time I hit this spot I painted a crap picture of two men in banana costumes waving hand guns. A few weeks later a writer called Ozone completely dogged it and then wrote ‘If it’s better next time I’ll leave it’ in the bottom corner. When we lost Ozone we lost a fearless graffiti writer and as it turns out a pretty perceptive art critic. Ozone – rest in peace.<\/i>[citation needed<\/a><\/i>]<\/p>\n Ozone’s Angel<\/i><\/p>\n \u2022 On 27 April 2007, a new record high for the sale of Banksy’s work was set with the auction of the work Space Girl & Bird<\/i> fetching \u00a3288,000 (US6,000), around 20 times the estimate at Bonhams<\/a> of London<\/a>.[32]<\/a> \u2022 Banksy has published a "manifesto<\/a>" on his website.[36]<\/a> The text of the manifesto is credited as the diary entry of one Lieutenant Colonel<\/a> Mervin Willett Gonin<\/a>, DSO<\/a>, which is exhibited in the Imperial War Museum<\/a>. It describes how a shipment of lipstick<\/a> to the Bergen-Belsen<\/a> concentration camp<\/a> immediately after its liberation at the end of World War II<\/a> helped the internees regain their humanity. However, as of 18 January 2008, Banksy’s Manifesto has been substituted with Graffiti Heroes #03 that describes Peter Chappell’s graffiti quest of the 1970s that worked to free George Davis<\/a> of his imprisonment.[37]<\/a> By 12 August 2009 he was relying on Emo Phillips’ "When I was a kid I used to pray every night for a new bicycle. Then I realised God doesn\u2019t work that way, so I stole one and prayed for forgiveness." 2008<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n \u2022 In March, a stencilled graffiti work appeared on Thames Water<\/a> tower in the middle of the Holland Park roundabout<\/a>, and it was widely attributed to Banksy. It was of a child painting the tag "Take this Society" in bright orange. London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham<\/a> spokesman, Councillor Greg Smith branded the art as vandalism, and ordered its immediate removal, which was carried out by H&F council workmen within three days.[39]<\/a> 2009<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n \u2022 May 2009, parts company with agent Steve Lazarides. Announces Pest Control [46]<\/a> the handling service who act on his behalf will be the only point of sale for new works. 2010<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n \u2022 The world premiere of the film Exit Through the Gift Shop<\/a><\/i> occurred at the Sundance Film Festival<\/a> in Park City, Utah, on 24 January. He created 10 street pieces around Park City and Salt Lake City to tie in with the screening.[53]<\/a> Notable art pieces<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n In addition to his artwork, Banksy has claimed responsibility for a number of high profile art pieces, including the following:<\/p>\n \u2022 At London Zoo<\/a>, he climbed into the penguin enclosure and painted "We’re bored of fish" in seven foot high letters.[59]<\/a> Near Bethlehem – 2005<\/p>\n \u2022 Banksy has sprayed "This is not a photo opportunity" on certain photograph spots. See also: Other Banksy works on the Israeli West Bank barrier<\/a><\/p>\n \u2022 In April 2006, Banksy created a sculpture based on a crumpled red phone box with a pickaxe in its side, apparently bleeding, and placed it in a street in Soho<\/a>, London<\/a>. It was later removed by Westminster Council<\/a>. BT<\/a> released a press release, which said: "This is a stunning visual comment on BT’s transformation from an old-fashioned telecommunications company into a modern communications services provider."[66]<\/a> Technique<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n Asked about his technique, Banksy said:<\/p>\n \u201cI use whatever it takes. Sometimes that just means drawing a moustache on a girl’s face on some billboard, sometimes that means sweating for days over an intricate drawing. Efficiency is the key.[73]<\/a>\u201d<\/i><\/p>\n Stencils<\/a> are traditionally hand drawn or printed onto sheets of acetate or card, before being cut out by hand. Because of the secretive nature of Banksy’s work and identity, it is uncertain what techniques he uses to generate the images in his stencils, though it is assumed he uses computers for some images due to the photocopy nature of much of his work.<\/p>\n He mentions in his book, Wall and Piece<\/i>, that as he was starting to do graffiti, he was always too slow and was either caught or could never finish the art in the one sitting. So he devised a series of intricate stencils to minimise time and overlapping of the colour.<\/p>\n Identity<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n Banksy’s real name has been widely reported to be Robert or Robin Banks.[74]<\/a>[75]<\/a>[76]<\/a> His year of birth has been given as 1974.[62]<\/a><\/p>\n Simon Hattenstone from Guardian Unlimited<\/a><\/i> is one of the very few people to have interviewed him face-to-face. Hattenstone describes him as "a cross of Jimmy Nail<\/a> and British rapper Mike Skinner<\/a>" and "a 28 year old male who showed up wearing jeans and a t-shirt with a silver tooth, silver chain, and one silver earring".[77]<\/a> In the same interview, Banksy revealed that his parents think their son is a painter and decorator.[77]<\/a><\/p>\n In May 2007, an extensive article written by Lauren Collins of the New Yorker<\/a><\/i> re-opened the Banksy-identity controversy citing a 2004 photograph of the artist that was taken in Jamaica during the Two-Culture Clash project and later published in the Evening Standard<\/a><\/i> in 2004.[6]<\/a><\/p>\n In October 2007, a story on the BBC website featured a photo allegedly taken by a passer-by in Bethnal Green<\/a>, London<\/a>, purporting to show Banksy at work with an assistant, scaffolding and a truck. The story confirms that Tower Hamlets Council<\/a> in London has decided to treat all Banksy works as vandalism<\/a> and remove them.[78]<\/a><\/p>\n In July 2008, it was claimed by The Mail on Sunday<\/a><\/i> that Banksy’s real name is Robin Gunningham.[3]<\/a>[79]<\/a> His agent has refused to confirm or deny these reports.<\/p>\n In May 2009, the Mail on Sunday<\/i> once again speculated about Gunningham being Banksy after a "self-portrait" of a rat holding a sign with the word "Gunningham" shot on it was photographed in East London.[80]<\/a> This "new Banksy rat" story was also picked up by The Times<\/a><\/i>[81]<\/a> and the Evening Standard<\/i>.<\/p>\n Banksy, himself, states on his website:<\/p>\n \u201cI am unable to comment on who may or may not be Banksy, but anyone described as being ‘good at drawing’ doesn’t sound like Banksy to me.[82]<\/a>\u201d<\/i><\/p>\n Controversy<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n In 2004, Banksy walked into the Louvre<\/a> in Paris<\/a> and hung on a wall a picture he had painted resembling the Mona Lisa<\/a> but with a yellow smiley face. Though the painting was hurriedly removed by the museum staff, it and its counterpart, temporarily on unknown display at the Tate Britain<\/a>, were described by Banksy as "shortcuts". He is quoted as saying:<\/p>\n \u201cTo actually [have to] go through the process of having a painting selected must be quite boring. It’s a lot more fun to go and put your own one up.[83]<\/a>\u201d<\/i><\/p>\n Peter Gibson, a spokesperson for Keep Britain Tidy<\/a>, asserts that Banksy’s work is simple vandalism,[84]<\/a> and Diane Shakespeare, an official for the same organization, was quoted as saying: "We are concerned that Banksy’s street art glorifies what is essentially vandalism".[6]<\/a><\/p>\n In June 2007 Banksy created a circle of plastic portable toilets, said to resemble Stonehenge<\/a> at the Glastonbury Festival<\/a>. As this was in the same field as the "sacred circle" it was felt by many to be inappropriate and his installation was itself vandalized before the festival even opened. However, the intention had always been for people to climb on and interact with it.[citation needed<\/a><\/i>] The installation was nicknamed "Portaloo Sunset" and "Bog Henge" by Festival goers. Michael Eavis<\/a> admitted he wasn’t fond of it, and the portaloos were removed before the 2008 festival.<\/p>\n In 2010, an artistic feud developed between Banksy and his rival King Robbo after Banksy painted over a 24-year old Robbo piece on the banks of London’s Regent Canal. In retaliation several Banksy pieces in London have been painted over by ‘Team Robbo’.[85]<\/a>[86]<\/a><\/p>\n Also in 2010, government workers accidentally painted over a Banksy art piece, a famed "parachuting-rat" stencil, in Australia’s Melbourne CBD. [87]<\/a><\/p>\n Bibliography<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n Banksy has self-published<\/a> several books that contain photographs of his work in various countries as well as some of his canvas work and exhibitions, accompanied by his own writings:<\/p>\n \u2022 Banksy, Banging Your Head Against A Brick Wall<\/i> (2001) ISBN 978-0-95417040-0<\/a> Random House<\/a> published Wall and Piece<\/i> in 2005. It contains a combination of images from his three previous books, as well as some new material.[16]<\/a><\/p>\n Two books authored by others on his work were published in 2006 & 2007:<\/p>\n \u2022 Martin Bull, Banksy Locations and Tours: A Collection of Graffiti Locations and Photographs in London<\/i><\/a> (2006 – with new editions in 2007 and 2008) ISBN 978-0-95547120-9<\/a>. External links<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n \u2022 Official website<\/a> Banksy in Boston: Overview of the NO LOITRIN piece on Essex St in Central Square, Cambridge<\/strong> \u2022 \u2022 \u2022 \u2022 \u2022 \u2022 \u2022 \u2022 \u2022 \u2022<\/p>\n Interestingly, both of the Boston area Banksy pieces<\/a> are on Essex St:<\/p>\n \u2022 F\u0336O\u0336L\u0336L\u0336O\u0336W\u0336 \u0336Y\u0336O\u0336U\u0336R\u0336 \u0336D\u0336R\u0336E\u0336A\u0336M\u0336S\u0336 CANCELLED<\/a> (aka chimney sweep<\/a>) in Chinatown, Boston<\/a> Does that mean anything? It looks like he favors Essex named streets & roads when he can. In 2008, he did another notable Essex work in London<\/a>, for example, and posters on the Banksy Forums<\/a> picked up & discussed on the Essex link as well. <\/p>\n Is there an Essex Street in any of the other nearby towns? It looks like there are several<\/a>: Brookline<\/a>, Charlestown<\/a>, Chelsea<\/a>, Gloucester<\/a>, Haverhill<\/a>, Lawrence<\/a>, Lynn<\/a>, Medford<\/a>, Melrose<\/a>, Quincy<\/a>, Revere<\/a>, Salem<\/a>, Saugus<\/a>, Somerville<\/a>, Swampscott<\/a>, and Waltham<\/a>. Most of these seem improbable to me, other than maybe Brookline, or maybe<\/i> Somerville or Charlestown. But they start getting pretty suburban after that.<\/p>\n But, again, why "Essex"? In a comment<\/a> on this photo<\/a>, Birbeck<\/a> helps clarify:<\/p>\n I can only surmise that he’s having a ‘dig’ at Essex UK, especially with the misspelling of ‘Loitering’. Here, the general view of the urban districts in Essex: working class but with right wing views; that they’re not the most intellectual bunch; rather obsessed with fashion (well, their idea of it); their place of worship is the shopping mall; enjoy rowdy nights out; girls are thought of as being dumb, fake blonde hair\/tans and promiscuous; and guys are good at the ‘chit chat’, and swagger around showing off their dosh (money).<\/p>\n It was also the region that once had Europe’s largest Ford motor factory. In its heyday, 1 in 3 British cars were made in Dagenham, Essex. Pay was good for such unskilled labour, generations worked mind-numbing routines on assembly lines for 80 years. In 2002 the recession ended the dream. <\/i><\/p>\n \u2022 \u2022 \u2022 \u2022 \u2022<\/p>\n \u2022 This is a scan<\/a> of this Banksy photo<\/a> running in the the Boston Globe<\/a> on May 13, 2010. This is the first time I’ve made the newspaper with one of my photos \ud83d\ude42 (The Globe later ran a longer article, titled Tag \u2014 we\u2019re it: Banksy, the controversial and elusive street artist, left his mark here. Or did he?<\/a> with a photo taken by one of their staff photographers, Essdras M. Suarez.<\/p>\n \u2022 This photo appeared on Grafitti – A arte das ruas<\/a> on Yahoo Meme. Yes, Yahoo has a Tumblr\/Posterous-esque "Meme" service now — I was as surprised as you are.<\/p>\n \u2022 The photo has also appeared, among other places, on CafeBabel<\/a>, a European online affairs magazine based in Paris.<\/p>\n \u2022 \u2022 \u2022 \u2022 \u2022<\/p>\n Banksy<\/b><\/em><\/a> Banksy<\/b> \u2022 Born<\/b> \u2022 Nationality<\/b> \u2022 Field<\/b> \u2022 Movement<\/b> \u2022 Works<\/b> Banksy<\/b> is a pseudonymous<\/a>[2]<\/a>[3]<\/a>[4]<\/a> British<\/a> graffiti artist<\/a>. He is believed to be a native of Yate<\/a>, South Gloucestershire<\/a>, near Bristol<\/a>[2]<\/a> and to have been born in 1974,[5]<\/a> but his identity is unknown.[6]<\/a> According to Tristan Manco<\/a>[who?<\/a><\/i>], Banksy "was born in 1974 and raised in Bristol, England. The son of a photocopier technician, he trained as a butcher but became involved in graffiti during the great Bristol aerosol boom of the late 1980s."[7]<\/a> His artworks are often satirical<\/a> pieces of art on topics such as politics, culture, and ethics. His street art<\/a>, which combines graffiti writing with a distinctive stencilling<\/a> technique, is similar to Blek le Rat<\/a>, who began to work with stencils in 1981 in Paris and members of the anarcho-punk<\/a> band Crass<\/a> who maintained a graffiti stencil campaign on the London Tube System in the late 1970s and early 1980s. His art has appeared in cities around the world.[8]<\/a> Banksy’s work was born out of the Bristol underground scene<\/a> which involved collaborations between artists and musicians.<\/p>\n Banksy does not sell photos of street graffiti.[9]<\/a> Art auctioneers have been known to attempt to sell his street art on location and leave the problem of its removal in the hands of the winning bidder.[10]<\/a><\/p>\n Banksy’s first film, Exit Through The Gift Shop<\/a><\/i>, billed as "the world’s first street art disaster movie", made its debut at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival<\/a>.[11]<\/a> The film was released in the UK on March 5<\/a>.[12]<\/a><\/p>\n Contents<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n \u2022 1 Career<\/a> Career<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n Banksy started as a freehand graffiti artist 1992\u20131994[14]<\/a> as one of Bristol’s DryBreadZ Crew (DBZ), with Kato and Tes.[15]<\/a> He was inspired by local artists and his work was part of the larger Bristol underground scene<\/a>. From the start he used stencils as elements of his freehand pieces, too.[14]<\/a> By 2000 he had turned to the art of stencilling after realising how much less time it took to complete a piece. He claims he changed to stencilling whilst he was hiding from the police under a train carriage, when he noticed the stencilled serial number[16]<\/a> and by employing this technique, he soon became more widely noticed for his art around Bristol and London.[16]<\/a><\/p>\n Stencil on the waterline of The Thekla<\/a>, an entertainment boat in central Bristol<\/a> – (wider view<\/a>). The image of Death is based on a 19th century etching illustrating the pestilence<\/a> of The Great Stink<\/a>.[17]<\/a><\/p>\n Banksy’s stencils feature striking and humorous images occasionally combined with slogans. The message is usually anti-war, anti-capitalist or anti-establishment. Subjects often include rats, monkeys, policemen, soldiers, children, and the elderly.<\/p>\n In late 2001, on a trip to
\n\u2022 NO LOITRIN<\/a> in Central Square, Cambridge<\/a>.<\/p>\n
\nFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia<\/em><\/p>\n
\n\u2022 Birth name<\/b>
\nUnknown<\/p>\n
\n1974 or 1975 (1974 or 1975), Bristol<\/a>, UK<\/a>[1]<\/a><\/p>\n
\nBritish<\/a><\/p>\n
\nGraffiti<\/a>
\nStreet Art<\/a>
\nBristol underground scene<\/a>
\nSculpture<\/a><\/p>\n
\nAnti-Totalitarianism<\/a>
\nAnti-capitalism<\/a>
\nPacifism<\/a>
\nAnti-War
\nAnarchism<\/a>
\nAtheism<\/a>
\nAnti-Fascism<\/a><\/p>\n
\nNaked Man Image
\nOne Nation Under CCTV
\nAnarchist Rat
\nOzone’s Angel
\nPulp Fiction<\/p>\n
\n\u2022\u2022 1.1 2000<\/a>
\n\u2022\u2022 1.2 2002<\/a>
\n\u2022\u2022 1.3 2003<\/a>
\n\u2022\u2022 1.4 2004<\/a>
\n\u2022\u2022 1.5 2005<\/a>
\n\u2022\u2022 1.6 2006<\/a>
\n\u2022\u2022 1.7 2007<\/a>
\n\u2022\u2022 1.8 2008<\/a>
\n\u2022\u2022 1.9 2009<\/a>
\n\u2022\u2022 1.10 2010<\/a>
\n\u2022 2 Notable art pieces<\/a>
\n\u2022 3 Technique<\/a>
\n\u2022 4 Identity<\/a>
\n\u2022 5 Controversy<\/a>
\n\u2022 6 Bibliography<\/a>
\n\u2022 7 References<\/a>
\n\u2022 8 External links<\/a><\/p>\n
\n\u2022 After Christina Aguilera<\/a> bought an original of Queen Victoria<\/a> as a lesbian and two prints for \u00a325,000,[24]<\/a> on 19 October 2006 a set of Kate Moss<\/a> paintings sold in Sotheby’s<\/a> London for \u00a350,400, setting an auction record for Banksy’s work. The six silk-screen prints, featuring the model painted in the style of Andy Warhol<\/a>‘s Marilyn Monroe<\/a> pictures, sold for five times their estimated value. His stencil of a green Mona Lisa<\/a> with real paint dripping from her eyes sold for \u00a357,600 at the same auction.[25]<\/a>
\n\u2022 In December, journalist Max Foster<\/a> coined the phrase, "the Banksy Effect", to illustrate how interest in other street artists was growing on the back of Banksy’s success.[26]<\/a><\/p>\n
\n\u2022 In February 2007, the owners of a house with a Banksy mural on the side in Bristol<\/a> decided to sell the house through Red Propeller art gallery after offers fell through because the prospective buyers wanted to remove the mural. It is listed as a mural which comes with a house attached.[29]<\/a>
\n\u2022 In April 2007, Transport for London<\/a> painted over Banksy’s iconic image of a scene from Quentin Tarantino<\/a>‘s Pulp Fiction<\/i>, with Samuel L. Jackson<\/a> and John Travolta<\/a> clutching bananas instead of guns. Although the image was very popular, Transport for London<\/a> claimed that the "graffiti" created "a general atmosphere of neglect and social decay which in turn encourages crime" and their staff are "professional cleaners not professional art critics".[30]<\/a> Banksy tagged the same site again (pictured at right). This time the actors were portrayed as holding real guns instead of bananas, but they were adorned with banana costumes. Banksy made a tribute art piece over this second Pulp Fiction<\/i> piece. The tribute was for 19-year-old British graffiti artist Ozone, who was hit by an underground train in Barking<\/a>, East London, along with fellow artist Wants, on 12 January 2007.[31]<\/a> The piece was of an angel wearing a bullet-proof vest, holding a skull. He also wrote a note on his website, saying:<\/p>\n
\n\u2022 On 21 May 2007 Banksy gained the award for Art’s Greatest living Briton<\/a>. Banksy, as expected, did not turn up to collect his award, and continued with his notoriously anonymous status.
\n\u2022 On 4 June 2007, it was reported that Banksy’s The Drinker<\/i> had been stolen.[33]<\/a>[34]<\/a>
\n\u2022 In October 2007, most of his works offered for sale at Bonhams<\/a> auction house in London<\/a> sold for more than twice their reserve price.[35]<\/a><\/p>\n
\n\u2022 A small number of Banksy’s works can be seen in the movie Children of Men<\/a><\/i>, including a stenciled image of two policemen kissing and another stencil of a child looking down a shop.
\n\u2022 In the 2007 film Shoot ‘Em Up<\/a><\/i> starring Clive Owen<\/a>, Banksy’s tag<\/a> can be seen on a dumpster in the film’s credits.
\n\u2022 Banksy, who deals mostly with Lazarides Gallery in London, claims that the exhibition at Vanina Holasek Gallery in New York (his first major exhibition in that city) is unauthorised. The exhibition featured 62 of his paintings and prints.[38]<\/a><\/p>\n
\n\u2022 Over the weekend 3\u20135 May in London, Banksy hosted an exhibition called The Cans Festival<\/a><\/i>. It was situated on Leake Street<\/a>, a road tunnel formerly used by Eurostar underneath London Waterloo station<\/a>. Graffiti artists with stencils were invited to join in and paint their own artwork, as long as it didn’t cover anyone else’s.[40]<\/a> Artists included Blek le Rat<\/a>, Broken Crow, C215, Cartrain<\/a>, Dolk, Dotmasters, J.Glover, Eine, Eelus, Hero, Pure evil, Jef A\u00e9rosol, Mr Brainwash<\/a>, Tom Civil and Roadsworth.[citation needed<\/a><\/i>]
\n\u2022 In late August 2008, marking the third anniversary of Hurricane Katrina<\/a> and the associated levee failure disaster<\/a>, Banksy produced a series of works in New Orleans, Louisiana<\/a>, mostly on buildings derelict since the disaster.[41]<\/a>
\n\u2022 A stencil painting attributed to Banksy appeared at a vacant petrol station in the Ensley<\/a> neighbourhood of Birmingham, Alabama<\/a> on 29 August as Hurricane Gustav<\/a> approached the New Orleans area. The painting depicting a hooded member of the Ku Klux Klan<\/a> hanging from a noose was quickly covered with black spray paint and later removed altogether.[42]<\/a>
\n\u2022 His first official exhibition in New York, the "Village Pet Store And Charcoal Grill," opened 5 October 2008. The animatronic<\/a> pets<\/a> in the store window include a mother hen watching over her baby Chicken McNuggets<\/a> as they peck at a barbecue sauce packet, and a rabbit putting makeup on in a mirror.[43]<\/a>
\n\u2022 The Westminster City Council<\/a> stated in October 2008 that the work "One Nation Under CCTV", painted in April 2008 will be painted over as it is graffiti. The council says it will remove any graffiti, regardless of the reputation of its creator, and specifically stated that Banksy "has no more right to paint graffiti than a child". Robert Davis, the chairman of the council planning committee told The Times<\/a> newspaper: "If we condone this then we might as well say that any kid with a spray can is producing art". [44]<\/a> The work was painted over in April 2009.
\n\u2022 In December 2008, The Little Diver, a Banksy image of a diver in a duffle coat in Melbourne Australia was vandalised. The image was protected by a sheet of clear perspex, however silver paint was poured behind the protective sheet and later tagged with the words "Banksy woz ere". The image was almost completely destroyed.[45]<\/a>.<\/p>\n
\n\u2022 On 13 June 2009, the Banksy UK Summer show opened at Bristol City Museum and Art Gallery<\/a>, featuring more than 100 works of art, including animatronics and installations; it is his largest exhibition yet, featuring 78 new works.[47]<\/a>[48]<\/a> Reaction to the show was positive, with over 8,500 visitors to the show on the first weekend.[49]<\/a> Over the course of the twelve weeks, the exhibition has been visited over 300,000 times.[50]<\/a>
\n\u2022 In September 2009, a Banksy work parodying the Royal Family was partially destroyed by Hackney Council after they served an enforcement notice for graffiti removal to the former address of the property owner. The mural had been commissioned for the 2003 Blur<\/a> single "Crazy Beat<\/a>" and the property owner, who had allowed the piece to be painted, was reported to have been in tears when she saw it was being painted over.[51]<\/a>
\n\u2022 In December 2009, Banksy marked the end of the 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference<\/a> by painting four murals on global warming. One included "I don’t believe in global warming" which was submerged in water.[52]<\/a><\/p>\n
\n\u2022 In February, The Whitehouse<\/a> public house in Liverpool<\/a>, England<\/a>, is sold for \u00a3114,000 at auction.[54]<\/a> The side of the building has an image of a giant rat by Banksy.[55]<\/a>
\n\u2022 In April 2010, Melbourne City Council in Australia reported that they had inadvertently ordered private contractors to paint over the last remaining Banksy art in the city. The image was of a rat descending in a parachute adorning the wall of an old council building behind the Forum Theatre. In 2008 Vandals had poured paint over a stencil of an old-fashioned diver wearing a trenchcoat. A council spokeswoman has said they would now rush through retrospective permits to protect other \u201cfamous or significant artworks\u201d in the city.[56]<\/a>
\n\u2022 In April 2010 to coincide with the premier of Exit through the Gift Shop<\/i> in San Francisco<\/a>, 5 of his pieces appeared in various parts of the city.[57]<\/a> Banksy reportedly paid a Chinatown<\/a> building owner for the use of their wall for one of his stencils.[58]<\/a>
\n\u2022 In May 2010 to coincide with the release of "Exit Through the Gift Shop" in Chicago<\/a>, one piece appeared in the city.<\/p>\n
\n\u2022 At Bristol Zoo<\/a>, he left the message ‘I want out. This place is too cold. Keeper smells. Boring, boring, boring.’ in the elephant enclosure.[60]<\/a>
\n\u2022 In March 2005, he placed subverted artworks in the Museum of Modern Art<\/a>, Metropolitan Museum of Art<\/a>, the Brooklyn Museum<\/a>, and the American Museum of Natural History<\/a> in New York.[61]<\/a>
\n\u2022 He put up a subverted painting in London’s Tate Britain<\/a> gallery.
\n\u2022 In May 2005 Banksy’s version of a primitive cave painting<\/a> depicting a human figure hunting wildlife whilst pushing a shopping trolley was hung in gallery 49 of the British Museum<\/a>, London<\/a>. Upon discovery, they added it to their permanent collection.[62]<\/a><\/p>\n
\n\u2022 In August 2005, Banksy painted nine images on the Israeli West Bank barrier<\/a>, including an image of a ladder going up and over the wall and an image of children digging a hole through the wall.[22]<\/a>[63]<\/a>[64]<\/a>[65]<\/a><\/p>\n
\n\u2022 In June 2006, Banksy created an image of a naked man hanging out of a bedroom window on a wall visible from Park Street in central Bristol<\/a>. The image sparked some controversy, with the Bristol City Council<\/a> leaving it up to the public to decide whether it should stay or go.[67]<\/a> After an internet discussion in which 97% (all but 6 people) supported the stencil, the city council decided it would be left on the building.[67]<\/a> The mural was later defaced with paint.[67]<\/a>
\n\u2022 In August\/September 2006, Banksy replaced up to 500 copies of Paris Hilton<\/a>‘s debut CD, Paris<\/a><\/i>, in 48 different UK record stores with his own cover art and remixes by Danger Mouse<\/a>. Music tracks were given titles such as "Why am I Famous?", "What Have I Done?" and "What Am I For?". Several copies of the CD were purchased by the public before stores were able to remove them, some going on to be sold for as much as \u00a3750 on online auction websites such as eBay<\/a>. The cover art depicted Paris Hilton digitally altered to appear topless. Other pictures feature her with a dog’s head replacing her own, and one of her stepping out of a luxury car, edited to include a group of homeless people, which included the caption "90% of success is just showing up".[68]<\/a>[69]<\/a>[70]<\/a>
\n\u2022 In September 2006, Banksy dressed an inflatable doll in the manner of a Guantanamo Bay detainment camp<\/a> prisoner (orange jumpsuit<\/a>, black hood, and handcuffs) and then placed the figure within the Big Thunder Mountain Railroad<\/a> ride at the Disneyland<\/a> theme park in Anaheim, California<\/a>.[71]<\/a>[72]<\/a><\/p>\n
\n\u2022 Banksy, Existencilism<\/i> (2002) ISBN 978-0-95417041-7<\/a>
\n\u2022 Banksy, Cut it Out<\/i> (2004) ISBN 978-0-95449600-5<\/a>
\n\u2022 Banksy, Wall and Piece<\/i> (2005) ISBN 978-1-84413786-2<\/a>
\n\u2022 Banksy, Pictures of Walls<\/i> (2005) ISBN 978-0-95519460-3<\/a><\/p>\n
\n\u2022 Steve Wright, Banksy’s Bristol: Home Sweet Home<\/i> (2007) ISBN 978-1906477004<\/a><\/p>\n
\n\u2022 Banksy street work photos<\/a><\/p>\n
\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/farm5.staticflickr.com\/4028\/4602001717_869ce16552.jpg\")
\nImage by Chris Devers<\/a><\/i>
\nPosted via email<\/a> to \u261b HoloChromaCinePhotoRamaScope\u203d<\/a>: cdevers.posterous.com\/banksy-no-loitrin<\/a>.<\/p>\n
\n\u2022 NO LOITRIN<\/a> in Central Square, Cambridge<\/a>.<\/p>\n
\nFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia<\/em><\/p>\n
\n\u2022 Birth name<\/b>
\nUnknown<\/p>\n
\n1974 or 1975 (1974 or 1975), Bristol<\/a>, UK<\/a>[1]<\/a><\/p>\n
\nBritish<\/a><\/p>\n
\nGraffiti<\/a>
\nStreet Art<\/a>
\nBristol underground scene<\/a>
\nSculpture<\/a><\/p>\n
\nAnti-Totalitarianism<\/a>
\nAnti-capitalism<\/a>
\nPacifism<\/a>
\nAnti-War
\nAnarchism<\/a>
\nAtheism<\/a>
\nAnti-Fascism<\/a><\/p>\n
\nNaked Man Image
\nOne Nation Under CCTV
\nAnarchist Rat
\nOzone’s Angel
\nPulp Fiction<\/p>\n
\n\u2022\u2022 1.1 2000<\/a>
\n\u2022\u2022 1.2 2002<\/a>
\n\u2022\u2022 1.3 2003<\/a>
\n\u2022\u2022 1.4 2004<\/a>
\n\u2022\u2022 1.5 2005<\/a>
\n\u2022\u2022 1.6 2006<\/a>
\n\u2022\u2022 1.7 2007<\/a>
\n\u2022\u2022 1.8 2008<\/a>
\n\u2022\u2022 1.9 2009<\/a>
\n\u2022\u2022 1.10 2010<\/a>
\n\u2022 2 Notable art pieces<\/a>
\n\u2022 3 Technique<\/a>
\n\u2022 4 Identity<\/a>
\n\u2022 5 Controversy<\/a>
\n\u2022 6 Bibliography<\/a>
\n\u2022 7 References<\/a>
\n\u2022 8 External links<\/a><\/p>\n